Papillomavirus infection is one of the most common viral diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. Almost every person at least once in his life has faced one or another manifestation. More than 100 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are known, each of which causes neoplasms of a specific type and localization: papillomas on the body, mucous membranes, convex and flat warts on the arms and legs, genital warts and other growths. Papillomas can be single and multiple. Choosing an effective remedy for papillomas is not an easy task, so it is better to entrust it to a dermatovenerologist.
Types of HPV medications
Drugs used to treat HPV are divided into the following groups:
- antivirals.
- immunostimulants.
- Means for destroying neoplasms.
First you need to determine the type of neoplasm: it is sometimes difficult to distinguish a papilloma from a birthmark or condyloma. Then, using PCR analysis, determine the nature of the virus, since some of them contribute to the development of malignant neoplasms. Medicines for papilloma can be used in combination or separately.
antivirals
Drug treatment of skin tumors caused by HPV is rarely complete without drugs from this group. They have a harmful effect on the virus, prevent its multiplication and have an immunomodulatory effect.
Pharmaceutical preparations that are produced in several dosage forms are especially popular: injections, tablets, suppositories, ointments and gels. As a rule, a local application can be sufficient for individual formations.
Antiviral ointments and gels are prescribed before and after the procedure of laser therapy and electrocoagulation, after which they provide high treatment efficiency and prevention of recurrence.
What are the indications for the appointment of systemic drugs against the virus:
- HPV infection with high and potentially high oncological risk confirmed by PCR;
- multiple papillomas on the body (this indicates high HPV activity);
- primary and secondary immunodeficiency states (when the body cannot handle the viral load on its own).
Antiviral drugs (injections and tablets) are contraindicated:
- during pregnancy;
- during lactation;
- with individual intolerance.
Most medications are available by prescription.
What antiviral drugs are considered the most effective and can get rid of papillomas?
inosine tablets
The drug is available in tablet form. This is one of the most popular remedies for papilloma today. The active substance is inosine (purine derivative). Has a complex effect:
- blocks the enzymes of the virus and causes its death;
- activates the production of interferon;
- activates lymphocytes;
- inhibits the formation of inflammatory mediators.
It is prescribed 2 tablets per day for 2 weeks. If necessary, the course of treatment can be extended up to a month. Can be used in children over 3 years old.
During reception, nausea, headache and exacerbation of gout may appear.
Medicines based on meglumine acridone acetate
The drug is available in two forms: injection and tablets. The active substance is meglumine acridone acetate. The mechanism of action is the induction of interferon.
Effects:
- antiviral;
- immunomodulatory;
- antiphlogistic.
Intramuscular injections of the drug are given every other day, up to 10 injections per course.
Means based on glycoside isolated from nightshade stalks
Release form: solution for intravenous injections, ointment, gel-spray inlay for treating the oral cavity, gel-spray intimate for treating papillomas on the genitals. The active ingredient is a glycoside isolated from nightshade stalks.
This is a modern remedy against the virus with a wide spectrum of action:
- antiphlogistic,
- immunomodulatory,
- promotes tissue regeneration.
Intravenous injections are prescribed according to the scheme: the first 3 times in 2 days, the next 5 times in 3 days. Topical formulations and injections are generally well tolerated. Ointment and gel are allowed to be used during pregnancy and lactation.
immunostimulants
Multiple papillomas often indicate a malfunction in the body. Drugs of this group have a stimulating effect on the immune system. Before use, a consultation with an immunologist and an additional examination (immunogram) is required.
Immunostimulants alone cannot eliminate the external manifestations of the human papillomavirus. However, with confirmed immunodeficiency, they must be included in the HPV treatment complex. They are compatible with antiviral drugs, antibiotics and antifungal drugs.
Immunostimulants should not be used:
- during pregnancy;
- lactation;
- individual intolerance.
They are sold in pharmacies by prescription. Which of the drugs in this group is the most effective?
Compositions for destroying papillomas
Drugs of this group have a direct medicinal effect on the papilloma. They contain aggressive components that destroy epithelial cells. Which of them are the most popular among doctors and patients and are able to get rid of skin neoplasms associated with HPV?
Freezing drug
The papilloma is affected by a temperature of -57 ° C, which leads to a violation of its blood supply and necrosis. The drug is sold in a pharmacy without a prescription.
The product should not be used on sensitive skin areas (face, armpits, intimate areas) and on mucous membranes.
The kit includes a bottle with a mixture of propane and dimethyl ether, a plastic holder and foam applicators. Multiple formations can be edited in one session. The exposure time depends on the size of the papilloma, but should not exceed 40 seconds. Falling off of the papilloma occurs in 10-14 days. From 1 to 4 procedures are required to remove the formation.
Drops based on methacrysol
Drops for external use with applicator included. This is a relatively new effective drug for papillomas. The main ingredient is metacresol. It has a cauterizing effect, leads to the death of the virus and the destruction of the neoplasm.
The drug is applied to the elements very carefully and in a point-by-point manner. If a drop of solution gets onto healthy surrounding tissue, it must be removed immediately with a dry cotton swab. Small papillomas on the body are treated once, larger ones 3-4 times with an interval of a few minutes after the previous layer dries.
It is impossible to treat papillomas in the skin folds and interdigital spaces with the drug.
It is better to entrust the removal of neoplasms in the anogenital zone to a doctor.
Preparation based on a mixture of acids
The form of release is a bottle with a solution, a plastic applicator for local use, and a glass capillary for treating large areas.
The drug contains a mixture of acids: trichloroacetic, oxalic, nitric and lactic acid. Drops of the solution cause tissue burns, which leads to mummification of the papilloma.
The remedy is gently applied to the affected area until the color changes. After the action of this drug on the papilloma, a crust forms on its surface, which disappears on its own after 10-12 days. If the effect is insufficient, the procedure must be repeated.
treatment results
After taking medication, the DNA of the virus remains in the human body. The purpose of using drugs against papillomas is to eliminate external manifestations, strengthen immunity and achieve the transition of HPV infection into a latent form. In the case of individual formations on the body, only a local impact is possible. In other cases, its effectiveness is 25-50%.
What conditions are necessary to achieve the best result?
- full diagnostics;
- combined treatment approach;
- Selection of the optimal treatment regimen.
Therefore, the key to successful treatment of the papillomavirus is timely seeking medical help. There are many drugs for papilloma, and a specialist should determine which one is best for a person in each case.